A disease like gastritis is becoming more and more common these days. The most important prerequisite for a quick recovery is a diet for gastritis, which consists in eating a food that is gentle on the gastric mucosa and following certain dietary rules. Read this article to find out why you need to follow a diet, what the risk of non-compliance is and what the consequences are.
Why do you need to follow a diet with gastritis of the stomach?
No drug can completely cure gastritis (acute or chronic). Currently, pharmacies offer a variety of drugs for gastritis, but all of them can only get rid of the symptoms of the disease (pain and cramps in the stomach, heartburn, upset stool, belching) and cannot be fully treated. Without diet, drugs cannot produce the expected results and are a waste of money.
General rules
The basic principle of dieting for inflammation of the gastric mucosa is to adhere to a rational diet that contributes to proper digestion. The menu for gastritis (both high and low acid) implies the use of a certain daily nutrient content: 90-100 g proteins and fats, 400-420 g carbohydrates. In this case, the calorie content should not exceed 3000. Drinking liquids must be at least 2 liters per day.
The diet for gastritis should be serious, but at the same time the recipes for meals must include nutritious foods that do not irritate the walls of the stomach. The food should be consumed chopped, sufficiently well cooked or steamed. You should eat often, and your food intake should be moderate. Do not treat yourself to contrasting dishes - there are cold and warm dishes separately. It is forbidden to eat at night because, like every single human organ, the stomach must rest at night.
Diet and Gastritis
Hyperacid
This type of gastritis is accompanied by increased secretion of gastric juice. For him, the first on the list was specially selected - diet number 1, the main purpose of which is to protect and protect the gastric mucosa from external stimuli. Therefore, foods that reduce acidity are the basis of rational digestion. The diet suggests eating the following foods:
- Milk porridge (semolina, oatmeal, rice);
- pureed vegetable soups;
- Skimmed milk and milk products;
- steamed egg omelette;
- lean meat (rabbit, turkey meat);
- Low-fat fish (hake, saithe, flounder, etc. ).
The menu for the disease should consist of such vegetables: boiled potatoes, carrots, zucchini, pumpkin. All diet recipes include vegetable dishes that are boiled, steamed, and mashed. Of fruits, preference should be given to non-sour fruits: avocado, mango, sweet apples. You should eat sweet berries: strawberries, raspberries, cherries, as well as melons (watermelon and melon).
It is very useful to drink a glass of milk in the morning and in the evening. The inclusion of animal and vegetable oils in the meal has a beneficial effect on the stomach and helps eliminate painful symptoms. With gastritis, it is forbidden to eat such dishes that cause excessive secretion of gastric juice. These include:
- fried, salty, spicy foods;
- Sauces;
- Black bread;
- fresh pastries made from butter dough;
- Canned goods;
- black coffee and tea.
The diet for patients with gastritis categorically prohibits the consumption of alcohol, beer and sweet soda.
Hypoacid
Diffuse and erosive gastritis leads to a decreased acidity of the stomach. It is necessary to eat easily digestible food that does not irritate the walls of the stomach. Examples of permitted foods are: stale bread; Cereals, of which oatmeal, buckwheat, rice porridge (especially for breakfast) are the most useful. With hypoacid gastritis, many fruits can be mashed or grated. Citrus fruits are allowed in moderation. Berry compote is also useful.
Meat is preferable to lean varieties: chicken, turkey, young veal; fish - hake, cod, flounder (exclude only fatty varieties). You can cook hated meat and fish broths. Low-fat dairy products and yogurt desserts are allowed. From flour, it is worth avoiding muffins and greasy cookies. Black tea is prohibited, but you can afford to drink kvass, beer, and black coffee. Smoked meat and salty and spicy dishes are prohibited for use in food.
An approximate diet for patients with low acid gastritis is not as difficult as it is for high acid disease, and sometimes even involves the use of fried foods and pickled vegetables in the absence of exacerbations.
Types of diets and their features
Treating gastric patients with diet number 1
It is indicated for gastric ulcers with superficial, diffuse and erosive gastritis. The food is boiled or steamed, not chopped. Avoid foods that contribute to excessive gastric acid secretion. The diet for gastritis patients is aimed at treating the inflammatory process in the gastrointestinal tract, healing ulcers and erosions, and normalizing the stomach. You need to eat 5-6 times a day, with 2-hour breaks between feedings and eat in small portions.
Diet number one has two modifications: number 1a and number 1b. Diet 1a has the following principle: meals are prepared in liquid, pureed or chopped form.It is recommended to eat very often - 6-7 times a day, while you can not eat vegetables, fruits and baked goods.Such a strict diet is prescribed to patients with diffuse, erosive gastritis, as well as in the first week of the postoperative period. The diet table No. 1b contains the same principles of the diet, but only differs in the composition of the substances (proteins, fats, carbohydrates) and the nutritional value. It is prescribed when the course of treatment ends using Table 1a.
Diet number 2 and gastritis
A therapeutic diet is indicated for superficial, chronic gastritis with secretory insufficiency, enteritis and colitis, which are in the process of recovery. Proper nutrition is aimed at providing the body with nutrients, stimulating the secretory function of the digestive system, and normalizing the normal functioning of the digestive tract. With such a diet, it is allowed to cook and eat food in a boiled, stewed, not very deep-fried form.
The use of indigestible, gastric mucosal irritating, contrasting foods is prohibited.
Diet number 5 and gastritis
This is a diet that is indicated not only with superficial gastritis, but also with other diseases: with hepatitis, cirrhosis of the liver, chronic colitis and inflammation of the gallbladder. Diet food is aimed at providing the body with a complete and high-quality enriched composition, normalizing lipid metabolism and normalizing the functioning of the digestive tract. The food should be gentle on the stomach, with a limited content of animal fats, cooked, stewed or stewed. You often need to eat 4-5 times a day and eat in small portions.
Nutritional principles for children and pregnant women
When treating a child's discomfort, in order to get rid of unpleasant symptoms, in addition to taking medication, a lot of emphasis is placed on proper nutrition. There are three basic principles of diet therapy for a child: adherence to the diet (timely feeding - at least 4 times a day with short breaks in between); the quality and correct technology of their preparation (products must be fresh, cooked immediately before the main meal, salt and flavor to a minimum); the content of healthy and nutritious meals for the child in the healing menu.
Bed rest and a strict diet are recommended for pregnant women with a condition such as gastritis.A simple protein diet is shown to eat 5-6 times a day.All food can be boiled and steamed, it is absolutely forbidden to eat fried food. The diet for pregnant women prohibits the use of sugary foods, hot spices and salt. The therapeutic effect is achieved through the use of dairy products, steamed egg omelets, cereals, mineral water, and at the same time the rest of the dietary food indicated for people with hyper- and hypo-acidic forms of the disease.
Approximate diet menu for the day
- Breakfast: steam omelette, cocoa with milk.
- Second breakfast: fruit yogurt.
- Lunch: chicken broth, congee and steamed fish cake, berry compote.
- Afternoon snack: a cheesecake and apple jelly.
- Dinner: a serving of baked potatoes, vinaigrette, chamomile tea.
- Second dinner: fermented baked milk and biscuits.
What are the risks of not following the diet?
For people, non-compliance with the diet with a disease has the following consequences: pathology of the gastric mucosa, the formation of ulcers and erosions that lead to a gastric ulcer. In addition, there is a disruption of the function of all organs of the gastrointestinal tract and the development of their ailments. In the worst case, gastritis can lead to the development of stomach cancer. Therefore, in order to avoid such sad consequences, follow the simple rules of a curative diet and diet, then nothing will endanger your health.